Lamp.



BEST AVNLABLE COP" PATENTED JAN. 31, 1905. 0. VON GULIN.

LAMP. APPLICATION TILED PEB.27,1903- Fay. 6.

Wa'ZmeanwJ: 0% w. t A/% izimaf eEsT AVAILABLE Patented January 31, 1905.

PATENT OFFICE.

CLAYTON VON CULIN, OF WAYLAND, NEW YORK, ASSIGNOR TO WAYLAND INCUBATORAND MANUFACTURING COMPANY, INCORPORATED, OF

IVAYLAND, NEW YORK.

LAMP.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent N0. 781,036, dated January31, 1905. Application filed February 2 7, 1903. Serial No. 145,419.

To all whom, it may concern: Be it known that I, CLAYTON VoN CULIN, a

citizen of the United States of America, and a resident of the town ofWayland, in the county of Steuben and State of New York, have inventedcertain new and useful Improvements in Lamps, of which the following isa specifi- ;stant height and uniform temperature and for safety againstexplosion or fire or injury to the glass chimney from internal orexternal causes. A

Heretofore it has been diflicult and in most cases impossible with-anylamp or burner now in use to keep the flame at'a uniform height andtemperature .without occasional ad justment of the height of the wick,for the reason that when the lamp is first lighted all its parts and theoil or other fuel it contains are cold. If the wick is then adjusted sothat the flame will be at the height required to give off the light andtemperature desired, in a short time as the chimney, burner, andparts ofthe lamp and the oil become heated the draft up the chimney willincrease, producing more rapid combustion of the oil or other. fuelused, thereby increasing the height of the flame and heat units ortemperature given off in a given period of time, as well as causing theflame to smoke from defective combustion of the fuel. This excessiveheight of wick, high flame, and excessive temperature are also dangerousconditions, causing liabihty of breaking the glass chimney, ofoverheating the Oil, causing it to expand and overflow, or to give offexplosive vapors, which may ignite, explode, and scatter the burning oiland set fire to surrounding objects. On the other hand, the usual lampwithout my improvement, if the wick is turned low when first lighted toavoid the danger of the flame being too high when the parts of the lampand the oil have been warmed up will give off disagreeable and offensiveor objectionable odors from imperfect combustion of the fuel, be-

I voir.

"of Figs. 2 and 5.

sides giving off too few heat units in a given trated in theaccompanying drawings, showing the parts of the lamp and myimprovements.

Figure 1 shows an ordinary lamp oil-reser- Fig. 2 shows fireproof hollowtubular collar, connecting-tubes, and watertank. Fig. 3 showsasafety-hood. Fig. 4 shows a reducing-collar'to be used if theburner andfireproof hollow tubular collar are of different sizes for the purposeof connecting themproperly. Fig. 5 shows a lamp fitted with fireproofand safety improvements. Fig. 6 shows a transverse vertical sectionalview M N of fireproof hollow tubular collar G, connecting-tubes D E, andwater-tank F on M N The arrows show tr lirections in which the currentsof cold flow into and warm water flow out of the low tubularcollar G.The dotted lines, wh shown, indicate the interior outline of a parts.

. Similar letters refer to similar parts in a the views.

Many of the oil-lamps in use are made with interchangeable burners ofvarious standard sizes, deslgnated as No. 1, No. 2, &c.,

to which I refer in the following specification.

The glass or metal lamp oil-reservoir O (shown in Fig. 1) has an openingand cap R where the lamp is filled, a handle S, the collar H, to whichthe hollow tubular collar Cr (shown in Fig. 2) is screwed or otherwiseconnected, and a reducing-collar Q, (shown in Fig. 3,) which supportsthe burner I and hood K.

My fireproof improvement (shown in Fig. 2) comprises a hollow tubularcollar G, with one or more tubes D and E connecting the hollow tubularcollar G with the water tank or reservoir F, forming an attachmentcapable of being placed on any lamp between the collar H of the lamp andits burner I, the tank or reservoir F, connecting-tubes D E, and hollowtubular collar G being capable of containing water.

K is a safety-hood, (shown in Fig. 3,) partially or entirely open at topand bottom and having one or more apertures L, covered with mica orother non inflammable material, through which to view the flame, P Pbeing the arms connected to the burner to support a safety-hood K. Theopenings at top and bottom may be partially closed by wire-gauze orperforated metal, as desired.

In Fig. 4, Q, is ared ucing-collar fitted to be placed on my fireproofimprovement if a No. 1 burner is used to fit the burner and fireproofimprovement properly together. My fireproof improvement may be put on alamp with a No. 2 collar, and a No. 2 burner will fill my fireproofimprovement. A No. 1

burner may be used with my fireproof improvement by using a reducer Q toconnect them.

To use my improvements, my hollow tubular collar Gris screwed on thecollar of the lamp at H. The burner I is placed on or in a hollowtubular collarG, a safety-hood K being placed on the supports P P, asshown. The wick W passes through the burner I, wick-tube B, hollowtubular'collar G, and collar H into the lamp oil-reservoir O. The hollowtubular collar G (shown in Figs. 2, 5, and 6) may-have a tubularprojection onits lower edge,'as shown in Fig. 6. between the letters Gand N. This tubular projection may have a smooth surface. and fit intothe cavity of the collar H, or it may have a screw-thread on itsexterior surface which may be screwed into a corresponding screw-threadon the inner surface of the collar H. In a similar manner if a No. 2burner I is used its lower portion may be, placed, screwed, or securedon or into the top of my hollow tubular collar G; but if a No. 1 burneris used, as it is too small to. fit properly into the upper portion ofthe hollow tubular collar G, a reducing-collar Q must be placed betweenthe top of the hollow tubular collar G and the burner I. Thisreducing-collar Q, as shown in Fig. 4:, has a tubular projection on itslower portion adapted to be placed or screwed into the upper part of thehollow tubular collar G, the lower part of the No. 1 burner being fittedor screwed into the upper portion of the reducing-collar Q.

The operation of my automatic fireproof and safety improvements afterconnecting the parts-as above described is as follows: Thelamp-reservoir 0 having been filled with oil or other suitable fuel, thewick is lighted and adjusted to the desired height. The watertank Fhaving previously been filled with cold water, when two tubes D and Eare used the cold water passes through the lower tube E into and throughthe hollow collar G, in which it becomes heated bythe heat from theflame, and thereby becoming lighter ascends and passes out of the collarGr through the upper tube E, (or if only one connectingtube is usedthrough its upper portion,) back into the tank F, rising to the top ofthe ,of any special shape or material.

tank F and coming in contact with the air, is cooled, the cooler waterat the bottom of the tank F continuing to pass through the lower tube D(or if onlyone connecting-tube is used through its lower portion) intothe hollowtubular collar G, keeping the hollow tubular collar G cool andpreventing the radiation and transmission of the heat from the flame Lthrough the burner I to the oil in thelamp 0, thus automatically keepingthe lamp and oil cool and the flame and temperature at a constantheight.

Sometimes from defective manufacture or annealing of the glasslamp-chimneys or from sudden changes in the external air or suddendrafts of air the glass lamp-chimneys may break, allowing the flame ofthe lamp to smoke or to be blown in contact with some combus- .tiblematerial or allowing combustible material to be blown against it,thereby becoming ignited, causing disastrous conflagrations. Thesafety-hood K is designed to protect the chimney from liability ofbeingbroken by external causes or sudden changes of external temperature orif it should be broken from any cause to shield the flame and preventany disagreeable or dangerous consequences.

I do not confine myself to the use of lamps of any special form, style,or material. Neither do I confine myself to the use of a lamp-wick Thewicks may be flat, single or duplex, round, circular, or hollow, and theburners may be of any kind or shapefiat,single or duplex, round,argand,oval, circular, or hollow.

My fireproof and safety improvements may be of any suitable size andshape required in each case and may be made plain or ornamented,asdesired, as I do not confine myself to the design and shape shown inthe drawings, which may be varied as required by circumstances providedthe principles of my invention are adhered to.

My water tank or reservoir may be open at the top, preferably with acircular collar or rim inside, as shown, although the rim is notessential and may be dispensed with. I have shown a cylindrical tank inthe drawings; but it may be rectangular or of any other suitable shapedesired.

Among the advantages of these improvements are that they may be attachedto any lamp. They may be attached to any burner. When a burner becomesdefective, it can be replaced at small cost. A lamp fitted with theseimprovements is fireproof, is'absolutely safe, and cannotoverheat,smoke, or raise the flame above its normal height. Even with the chimneybroken or removed the lamp or oil cannot overheat. When used as ahouse-lamp, poultry-house, store, incubator-room, cellar, street lamp,stable, sick-room, or night lamp. with a glass chimney, it is perfectlysafe, even if the chimney breaks when no person is present. It is freefrom all odor common to most IIO BEST AVAlLABLE CO tank F, as shown andfor the purposes der0 scribed.

Signed at Vvayland this 9th day of February, 1903.

CLAYTON VON CULIN. [1,. s]

Witnesses: I

VICTOR B. ZIMMERMAN, P. N. CONRAD.

lamps, especially with the wick turned down hat I claim as my invention,and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is

A removable lamp attachment consisting of a hollow tubular collar Glocated between the collar H of a lamp and its burner I, a water: tankF, and a tubular connection between the said hollow tubular collar G andthe Water-

